Calculating t-tests for Independent Samples and Calculating t-tests for Paired (Dependent) Samples

Use MS Word to complete “Questions to be Graded: Exercises 31 and 32” in Statistics for Nursing Research: A Workbook for Evidence-Based Practice. Submit your work in SPSS by copying the output and pasting into the Word document. In addition to the SPSS output, please include explanations of the results where appropriate. EXERCISE 31 Questions to Be Graded Name: _______________________________________________________ Class: _____________________ Date: ___________________________________________________________________________________ Follow your instructor’s directions to submit your answers to the following questions for grading. Your instructor may ask you to write your answers below and submit them as a hard copy for grading. Alternatively, your instructor may ask you to use the space below for notes and submit your answers online at http://evolve.elsevier.com/Grove/statistics/ under “Questions to Be Graded.” 1. Do the example data meet the assumptions for the independent samples t-test? Provide a rationale for your answer. 2. If calculating by hand, draw the frequency distributions of the dependent variable, wages earned. What is the shape of the distribution? If using SPSS, what is the result of the Shapiro-Wilk test of normality for the dependent variable? 3. What are the means for two group’s wages earned? 4. What is the independent samples t-test value? 362 5. Is the t-test significant at a = 0.05? Specify how you arrived at your answer. 6. If using SPSS, what is the exact likelihood of obtaining a t-test value at least as extreme or as close to the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true? 7. Which group earned the most money post-treatment? 8. Write your interpretation of the results as you would in an APA-formatted journal. 9. What do the results indicate regarding the impact of the supported employment vocational rehabilitation on wages earned? 10. Was the sample size adequate to detect significant differences between the two groups in this example? Provide a rationale for your answer. EXERCISE 32 Questions to be Graded Name: _______________________________________________________ Class: _____________________ Date: ___________________________________________________________________________________ Follow your instructor’s directions to submit your answers to the following questions for grading. Your instructor may ask you to write your answers below and submit them as a hard copy for grading. Alternatively, your instructor may ask you to use the space below for notes and submit your answers online at http://evolve.elsevier.com/Grove/statistics/ under “Questions to Be Graded.” 1. Do the example data meet the assumptions for the paired samples t-test? Provide a rationale for your answer. 2. If calculating by hand, draw the frequency distributions of the two variables. What are the shapes of the distributions? If using SPSS, what are the results of the Shapiro-Wilk tests of normality for the two variables? 3. What are the means for the baseline and posttreatment affective distress scores, respectively? 4. What is the paired samples t-test value? 376 5. Is the t-test significant at ? = 0.05? Specify how you arrived at your answer. 6. If using SPSS, what is the exact likelihood of obtaining a t-test value at least as extreme as or as close to the one that was actually observed, assuming that the null hypothesis is true? 7. On average, did the affective distress scores improve or deteriorate over time? Provide a rationale for your answer. 8. Write your interpretation of the results as you would in an APA-formatted journal. 9. What do the results indicate regarding the impact of the rehabilitation on emotional distress levels? 10. What are the weaknesses of the design in this example?